HIV/AIDS: The Basics
HIV/AIDS: The Basics
What is HIV/AIDS?
e human
immunodeciency virus, or HIV, is the virus
that causes HIV infection.
During HIV infection, the virus
attacks and destroys the
infection-
ghting
CD4 cells
of the
body’s immune system. Loss of
CD4 cells makes it di
cult
for the immune system to
ght infections.
Acquired
immuno
deciency
syndrome
, or
AIDS
, is the
most advanced stage of HIV
infection.
How is HIV transmitted?
HIV is transmitted (spread)
through the blood, semen, genital
uids, or breast milk of a
person infected with HIV. Having
unprotected sex
or sharing drug injection
equipment (such
as needles and syringes) with
a person infected with HIV are
the most common ways HIV is
transmitted.
You can’t get HIV by shaking
hands, hugging, or closed-
mouth kissing with a person
who is infected with HIV. And
you can’t get HIV from
contact with objects such as toilet
seats, doorknobs, dishes, or
drinking glasses used by a person
infected with HIV.
Even though it takes many
years for symptoms of HIV to
develop, a person infected
with HIV can spread the virus at
any stage of HIV infection.
Detecting HIV early after
infection and starting
treatment with anti-HIV medications
before symptoms of HIV
develop can help people with HIV
live longer, healthier lives.
Treatment can also reduce the risk
of
transmission of HIV
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